聚氨酯黑白料阻燃聚氨酯发泡剂泡沫填充剂硬质保温聚氨酯ab组合料

聚氨酯黑白料阻燃聚氨酯发泡剂泡沫填充剂硬质保温聚氨酯ab组合料

聚氨酯的发现可以追溯到1937年，奥托拜尔和他的同事在德国勒沃库森的法本实验室发现了聚氨酯。初研究了以脂肪族二异氰酸酯和二胺为原料合成聚保聚氨酯产品，实现了以脂肪族异氛酸酯和乙二醇为原料合成聚氨酯的有趣性能。1952年，在第二次世界大战后，由oluene_异气酸酯(TDI)和聚酯多元醇大规模生产聚氨酯后不久，多异氰酸酯开始商业化生产。在随后的几年中(1952-1954)，拜耳开发了不同的聚酯多异氰酸酯体系 聚酯多元醇具有成本低、操作方便、水解稳定性好等优点，逐渐被聚醚多元醇所取代。聚四甲醚乙二醇(PTMG)是杜邦公司于1956年通过聚合四氢呋晴而引入的，是世界上早的商用聚醚多元醇。后来，在1957年，巴斯夫和陶氏化学公司生产了聚烷基乙醇。以PTMG、4.4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和乙烯二胺为原料，杜邦公司生产了一种名为莱卡的氨纶纤维。经过几十年的发展，聚氨酯从柔性聚氨酯泡沫塑料(1960年)发展到刚性聚氨酯泡沫塑料(聚异氰酸酯泡沫塑料-1967年)作为几种发泡剂聚醚多元醇，出现了聚亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(PMD)等聚合物异氰酸酯。这些PMDI基聚氨酯泡沫具有良好的耐热性和阻燃性， 1969年，聚氨酯反应注射成型[PU RIM]技术被引进，进一步发展到增强反应注射成型RRIM生产高性能聚氨酯材料，并于1983年生产出美国辆塑料车身汽车。在20世纪90年代，由于人们对使用氯的危害的认识不断提高 The discovery of polyurethane [PU] dates back to the year 1937 by Otto Bayer and his coworkers i at the laboratories of IG.Farben in Leverkusen, Germany.The initial works focussed on PU products obtained from aliphatic diisocyanate and diamine forming polyurea till the interesting properties of PU obtained from an aliphatic disocyanate and glycol, were realized.Polyisocyanates became commercially available in the year 1952,soon after the commercial scale production of PU was witnessed (after World War 2)from toluene diisocyanat(TDI)and polyester polyols.in the years that followed(1952-1954),different polyester-polvisoavanate systems were developed by Bayer Polyester polvols were gradually replaced by polyether polvols owing to their several Advantages such as low cost,ease of handling, and improved hydrolytic stability over the former.Poly(tetramethylen ,ether) glycol (PTMG), was introduced by DuPont in 1956 by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran,as the first commercially available polyether polyol Later in 1957, BASF and Dow Chemical produced polyalkvlene glvcols .Based on PTMG and 4:4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), and ethylene diamine a Spandex fibre called Lycra was produce by Dupont.With the decades, PU graduated from flexible PU foams(1960) to rigid PU foams (polyisocyanurate foams-1967) as several blowing agents polyether polyols, and polymeric isocyanate such as poly methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI) became available.These PMDI based PU foams showed good thermal resistance and flame retardance.